|
In France under the Ancien Régime, a states provincial or estates provincial (''états provinciaux'') was an assembly of the three estates of a province, "regularly constituted, periodically convoked and possessing certain political and administrative functions, of which the main one was to vote on the ''impôt''".〔Cadier, ''Les Etats du Béarn'', cited in ''le dictionnaire des institutions de la France'' by M. Marion〕 Only the ''pays d'état'' had rights to such estates. This arose from the specific legal conditions of their historical incorporation into the royal domain (e.g., Burgundy, Foix, Languedoc) or into France itself (e.g., Béarn, Corsica, Dauphiné). Within a ''pays d'état'', regions could have their own particular estates, the ''états particuliers'' ("estates particular"). For example, in Burgundy the counties (''comtés'') of Auxerre, Bar-sur-Seine, Charolais and the Mâconnais each had their own ''états particuliers'' in the early modern period. These would send representatives to the Burgundian ''états provinciaux'' in Dijon. Only the Mâconnais retained its own ''états'' in 1789; the rest had been absorbed into the Burgundian estates general.〔Julian Swann, ''Provincial Power and Absolute Monarchy: The Estates General of Burgundy, 1661–1790'' (Cambridge, 2003), pp. 27–28.〕 The ''impôts'' were the provincial estates' main preoccupation and ''raison d'être'' throughout the ''ancien régime''. Their formal assent to the ''impôts'' was generally accompanied by the drafting of complaints to send to the king or his councils. In contrast to the ''pays d'état'', any area where ''impôts'' were fixed by the king's representatives (known as the ''élus'') were known as ''pays d'élection''. This distinction was abolished during the French Revolution in 1789. A third category, "pays d'imposition" was used for recently conquered lands which had their own local institutions (they were similar to the "pays d'état" under which they are sometimes grouped), although taxation was overseen by the royal intendant. ==List of states-provincial and -particular in 1789== *Estates of Artois *Estates of Béarn *Estates of Bigorre *Estates of Bresse *Estates of Brittany *Estates of Bugey *Estates of Burgundy *Estates of Cambrésis *Estates of Charolais *Estates of Corsica *Estates of Dauphiné *Estates of Flanders *Estates of Foix *Estates of Gévaudan *Estates of Hainaut *Estates of Labourd *Estates of Languedoc *Estates of Marsan *Estates of Navarre *Estates of Nébouzan *Estates of Provence *Estates of Quatre-Vallées *Estates of Soule *Estates of Velay *Estates of Vivarais 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「States Provincial (France)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|